tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl

Hỏi đáp pháp luật Việt Nam — Vietnamese Legal Q&A

VI — Bộ dữ liệu 109.543 bài hỏi đáp pháp luật Việt Nam từ thuvienphapluat.vn/hoi-dap-phap-luat: câu hỏi ↔ câu trả lời dài có trích dẫn văn bản, kèm embedding Nemotron-3-Embed-8B và toạ độ giảm chiều trong không gian chung của 6 bộ dữ liệu pháp luật.

EN — 109,543 Vietnamese legal question-and-answer articles from thuvienphapluat.vn, each pairing a legal question with a citation-grounded long-form answer, embedded with Nemotron-3-Embed-8B and placed into a shared common-corpus t-SNE/UMAP space jointly fit over 6 Vietnamese legal datasets.

3. Overview

This is one of 6 Vietnamese legal datasets published under a single unified standard (documents / embeddings / reduces, plus dataset-specific extras). Each dataset carries its own cleaned content, a single 8B embedding table, and its rows' coordinates in one joint dimensionality-reduction space fit over all 6 corpora together (≈2.33M points, nvidia/Nemotron-3-Embed-8B-BF16, no PCA).

• Domain: Vietnamese legal Q&A (Hỏi đáp pháp luật) — a legal-question knowledge base with long-form, citation-grounded answers.
• Provenance: crawled from the public Hỏi đáp pháp luật section of THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT (thuvienphapluat.vn).
• Size: 109,543 Q&A · 27 legal areas · 19,219 extracted citations (73.6% of Q&A cite ≥1 law) · avg. answer 4,766 chars · published 2016-08-24 → 2026-08-18.
• Representative vector in the shared corpus: the answer embedding of each Q&A.

4. Configs

Config	Rows	What it is
documents (default)	109,543	one row per Q&A — question, answer, citations, area, metadata
embeddings	109,543	Nemotron-3-Embed-8B (4096-d) question & answer vectors, keyed by id
reduces	438,172	shared common-corpus 2-D/3-D t-SNE & UMAP coordinates (long)
pages (extra)	109,543	raw gzipped crawl HTML, one row per Q&A, keyed by id

5. Schema

documents (default) — one row per Q&A:

Column	Type	Notes
id	string	numeric article id (from the URL); join key across all configs
url · source	string	source URL · site
question	string	the legal question
answer · answer_html	string	long-form answer (plain text · original HTML)
category · area	string	legal domain — English slug · Vietnamese label
published_date · modified_date	string	ISO-8601
author · keywords · summary	string / list	article metadata
citations	list<struct>	parsed references (law_type, law_name, article, clause, point, ref, year, …)
num_citations	int	number of citations
content_flags · content_flag_summary	list / struct	quality/content flags
answer_chars	int	answer length

embeddings — Nemotron-3-Embed-8B vectors, keyed by id:

Column	Type	Notes
id	string	join key to documents
question_embedding	list<float32>	the question (model's query prompt)
answer_embedding	list<float32>	the answer (as a passage/document)
embedding_dim	int	4096
embedding_model_id	string	nvidia/Nemotron-3-Embed-8B-BF16

reduces — long table of shared common-corpus coordinates:

Column	Type	Values
id	string	join key to documents
dataset	string	hdpl (this dataset's tag in the joint corpus)
language	string	vi
method	string	tsne · umap
dim	int	2 · 3
coords	list<float>	length = dim

pages (extra) — the raw crawl artifact, kept separate so the crawl itself can be studied:

Column	Type	Notes
id	string	join key to documents
page_html_gz	binary	raw crawled source page, gzip bytes (gzip.decompress(...).decode("utf-8") → the original HTML)

6. Embeddings

Every question and every answer is embedded with nvidia/Nemotron-3-Embed-8B-BF16 (4096-d, one vector per field), living in the embeddings config as question_embedding and answer_embedding. The question uses the model's query prompt; the answer is encoded as a passage/document. Content is Vietnamese (vi). The answer embedding is this dataset's representative vector in the shared corpus below.

7. Dimensionality reduction — the common corpus

The reduces config is the centrepiece. It holds this dataset's rows' coordinates in one joint t-SNE / UMAP space fit over all 6 Vietnamese legal datasets together (≈2.33M points, nvidia/Nemotron-3-Embed-8B-BF16, no PCA). Because every dataset is embedded and reduced in the same space, coordinates are directly comparable across corpora.

• Long format: {id, dataset, language, method, dim, coords} — one row per (id × method × dim).
• Methods: tsne, umap · Dims: 2, 3 · All 109,543 documents present in every (method, dim) combination → 438,172 rows.
• Shared fit: a single reduction was fit over the concatenation of all 6 datasets' 8B vectors; dataset / language tag each point's origin.

red = load_dataset("tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl", "reduces")["train"].to_pandas()
umap2d = red[(red.method == "umap") & (red.dim == 2)]   # this dataset's points in the joint UMAP

8. Visualizations

The whole common corpus (all 6 datasets) in the shared space:

This dataset on its own (coloured by legal area) — coordinates taken from the shared 6-dataset reduce above (not a per-dataset re-fit), so this map is a zoom onto just this dataset's points within the same joint t-SNE/UMAP space:

Citation Sankey — legal area → most-cited laws:

Luật được trích dẫn nhiều nhất / Most-cited law	Q&A
Bộ luật Lao động	1,720
Luật Quản lý thuế	1,041
Bộ luật hình sự	885
Luật Đất đai	764
Luật Thuế thu nhập cá nhân	646
Bộ luật Dân sự	474
Luật Bảo hiểm xã hội	320
Luật Đấu thầu	279
Luật Nhà ở	222
Luật Đầu tư	212

Areas (Lĩnh vực) — all 27

Lĩnh vực / Area	Q&A
Bộ máy hành chính	21,293
Giáo dục	14,712
Thuế - Phí - Lệ phí	9,360
Lao động - Tiền lương	7,334
Doanh nghiệp	4,687
Bất động sản	4,424
Tài nguyên - Môi trường	4,300
Bảo hiểm	3,507
Thương mại	3,298
Giao thông - Vận tải	3,272
Quyền dân sự	3,092
Trách nhiệm hình sự	3,056
Văn hóa - Xã hội	2,951
Đầu tư	2,940
Vi phạm hành chính	2,439
Thể thao - Y tế	2,414
Kế toán - Kiểm toán	2,226
Công nghệ thông tin	2,218
Tiền tệ - Ngân hàng	2,052
Xây dựng - Đô thị	1,925
Lĩnh vực khác	1,809
Thủ tục tố tụng	1,744
Dịch vụ pháp lý	1,319
Tài chính nhà nước	1,227
Xuất nhập khẩu	961
Chứng khoán	499
Sở hữu trí tuệ	423

9. Analysis pointers

The shared coordinates support cross-dataset geometric analysis directly:

• kNN graph over the joint reduces (or the raw 8B vectors) to find nearest Q&A across all 6 corpora — e.g. link a legal question to statutes, judgments, or terminology entries living in sibling datasets.
• Clustering (HDBSCAN / k-means) on the 2-D/3-D coords to surface legal-topic structure, then compare cluster composition by dataset / area.
• Cross-dataset geometry: measure how the Q&A cloud overlaps the legislation / case-law clouds in the shared space (density, boundary regions, bridges) to study coverage and retrieval reach.

10. Usage

import gzip
from datasets import load_dataset

docs  = load_dataset("tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl", "documents")   # Q&A + metadata (no vectors, no raw page)
emb   = load_dataset("tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl", "embeddings")  # Nemotron-8B question/answer vectors
red   = load_dataset("tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl", "reduces")     # shared common-corpus 2D/3D t-SNE/UMAP coords
pages = load_dataset("tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl", "pages")       # raw gzipped crawl HTML, keyed by id

html  = gzip.decompress(pages["train"][0]["page_html_gz"]).decode("utf-8")   # raw source HTML (gzip bytes)

Join all configs on id.

11. Provenance & crawl

Content was crawled from the public Hỏi đáp pháp luật section of THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT (thuvienphapluat.vn) for research. The clean documents table (question, answer, parsed citations, area, metadata) is derived from the raw source pages preserved byte-for-byte in the pages extra config (gzipped HTML, keyed by id) so the full extraction pipeline is reproducible. Embeddings and shared-corpus coordinates were computed downstream with nvidia/Nemotron-3-Embed-8B-BF16.

12. License & citation

License: other — content © thuvienphapluat.vn, redistributed for research. This is informational legal material and is not legal advice; answers reflect the law as published at crawl time.

@misc{tvpl_hdpl_2026,
  title        = {Hỏi đáp pháp luật Việt Nam — Vietnamese Legal Q&A (thuvienphapluat.vn)},
  author       = {TMQuan},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/tmquan/thuvienphapluat-vn-hdpl}},
  note         = {109,543 Vietnamese legal Q&A with parsed citations, Nemotron-3-Embed-8B question/answer embeddings, and shared common-corpus 2D/3D t-SNE/UMAP coordinates jointly fit over 6 Vietnamese legal datasets.}
}

@misc{tvpl_hdpl_source_2026,
  title        = {Hỏi đáp pháp luật — THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT},
  author       = {{Hỏi đáp pháp luật — THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT}},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://thuvienphapluat.vn/hoi-dap-phap-luat}},
  note         = {Official Vietnamese legal question-and-answer knowledge base published by THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT (thuvienphapluat.vn).}
}