Natural Earth (current)

.gitattributes

@@ -58,3 +58,4 @@ saved_model/**/* filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 # Video files - compressed
 *.mp4 filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 *.webm filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+display/ne_admin1_med.geojson filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text

DISCLAIMER.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Disclaimer
+
+This dataset is redistributed by **OptimalSolution LLC** as part of the multimod
+data bank. The original publisher is **Natural Earth**.
+
+**Redistribution only; no responsibility.** OptimalSolution LLC redistributes this
+data and is not responsible for its content, accuracy, completeness, currency or
+fitness for any purpose. Questions about what the data says, how it was
+collected or what it means belong to the original publisher.
+
+**No endorsement and no position.** Inclusion in this data bank implies no
+judgement, endorsement or position by OptimalSolution LLC regarding the data, its
+publisher, the methodology behind it, or any conclusion that anyone draws from
+it. Datasets are included because they are useful inputs to energy-system
+models, not because OptimalSolution LLC agrees with them.
+
+**No affiliation.** OptimalSolution LLC is not affiliated with, sponsored by or
+endorsed by Natural Earth. All trademarks, names and credit remain with the
+original publisher.
+
+**Provided as-is; no warranty.** This copy is provided as-is, without warranty of
+any kind, express or implied. The original publisher's licence and terms govern
+your use of the data; where this copy and the publisher's own release differ, the
+publisher's release is authoritative.
+
+## Changes made to the published data
+
+The exact/ tier is a format conversion only: geometry is carried through as published, coordinate for coordinate. The display/ tier is simplified with rmapshaper::ms_simplify() and its coordinates therefore DIFFER from the published data -- it is for drawing maps, never for measurement. Two country-code corrections and one boundary change are applied to both tiers and are listed in source.yml under `changes`.
+
+Per-dataset detail is recorded in each `dataset.yml` under `bank.modifications`
+and `bank.changes`, and is served by the platform API alongside the data.

LICENSE-public-domain.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Natural Earth is public domain. From the Natural Earth terms of use:
+
+  "All versions of Natural Earth raster and vector map data found on this
+  website are in the public domain. You may use the maps in any manner,
+  including modifying the content and design, electronic dissemination, and
+  offset printing. The primary authors, Tom Patterson and Nathaniel Vaughn
+  Kelso, and all other contributors renounce all financial claim to the
+  maps and invites you to use them for personal, educational, and commercial
+  purposes."
+
+  "No permission is needed to use Natural Earth. Crediting the authors is
+  unnecessary."
+
+See https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+license: other
+pretty_name: Natural Earth
+tags:
+- geometry
+- boundaries
+- basemap
+- global
+license_name: public-domain
+license_link: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/
+---
+
+# Natural Earth basemaps
+
+Public-domain country and admin-1 boundaries, shared by every source in the data bank. Two tiers: `exact/` is GeoParquet 1.0 at full precision for spatial work, `display/` is simplified GeoJSON for maps.
+
+## Terms
+
+- **Licence**: public domain (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/)
+- **Attribution**: Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain)
+- **Cite as**: Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com
+- **Source**: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/
+
+Redistributed by OptimalSolution LLC -- see `DISCLAIMER.md`. Redistribution only: no responsibility for the content, no endorsement or position, no affiliation with the publisher, no warranty. What was changed from the published data is recorded per dataset under `bank.modifications` and `bank.changes`.
+
+## Read this before you aggregate
+
+- **110m covers only 175 of Ember's 209 countries.** It omits Singapore, Malta, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Macao and 30 small island states, which render as holes. 50m is the default and 50m and 10m both reach 209/209.
+- Three adm0_a3 codes are aliased to ISO 3166-1: KOS to XKX, SDS to SSD, PSX to PSE. Without them an ISO3 join loses Kosovo, South Sudan and Palestine.
+- The four French overseas departments were lifted out of France's polygon and ERASED from it. Natural Earth folds them into FRA (636,062 km2 against 551,695 for metropolitan France), so anyone reporting them separately would otherwise count the same territory twice. FRA here is 548,374 km2.
+- Every layer is GEOS-valid. s2 validity is NOT guaranteed and cannot be: raw 110m already reports SDN and RUS as s2-invalid while GEOS accepts them, and repairing under s2 breaks RUS, FJI and ATA for GEOS. `source.yml` records the per-layer count.
+- `display/` geometry is SIMPLIFIED -- its coordinates differ from the published data. Use it to draw, never to measure.
+- admin-1 is admin-1 AS NATURAL EARTH DEFINES IT. Unit counts are wildly uneven (GBR 232, SVN 193, LVA 119); this is not a uniform NUTS-like tier and units are not comparable across countries.
+
+## Using it
+
+```r
+# exact tier: sfarrow drops the CRS, because GeoParquet 1.0 stores it as
+# a PROJJSON object and sf::st_crs() takes only strings
+x <- sfarrow::st_read_parquet("exact/ne_countries_50m.parquet")
+if (is.na(sf::st_crs(x))) sf::st_crs(x) <- "OGC:CRS84"
+
+# display tier: ECharts registerMap, joined on the `iso3` property
+# geojson <- display/ne_countries_50m.geojson
+```
+

display/ne_admin1_med.geojson

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:b554c12af87faa56e573d98e12fd28ec44b1d9ba182faf871fcb61fab904169b
+size 11121559

exact/ne_admin1.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:b302a2e9ec2e4b104f6e4a4bd626c750a14faeabccf047450f48683d6df7e2b3
+size 15262390

exact/ne_countries_10m.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:f6faf619552ee76a37b6fa4bb4e687ecc80a19233f84f7718b7c23b495fde5df
+size 5953957

exact/ne_countries_110m.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:f99b4f66e70ebb634e53417840c13bce69da94dc0ac1b76e17dfd0cbdb65344f
+size 155667

exact/ne_countries_50m.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:81360904464a608e484d44c8f8cd807825d96f84d2aa6537d26a66c5f6d5c8b6
+size 950220

ne_admin1_attrs.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:1c833a13552b1bb0ec2cdb446bf3b77509992277c964a8e80c6770dd78271460
+size 68210

ne_countries_attrs.parquet

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:9162468a95ef2344c6584a64b5491f1be08a6842284cdbb2bf3ce99a77669155
+size 8751

source.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+schema_version: 1
+id: naturalearth
+name: Natural Earth
+publisher: Natural Earth
+description: Public-domain country and admin-1 boundaries, used as the shared basemap
+  for every source in the data bank.
+homepage: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/
+tags:
+- geometry
+- boundaries
+- basemap
+- global
+license: public-domain
+license_file: LICENSE-public-domain.txt
+license_url: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/
+attribution: 'Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain)'
+attribution_required: no
+citation: Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com
+redistribution: permitted
+visibility: public
+disclaimer_file: DISCLAIMER.md
+disclaimer:
+  redistributor: OptimalSolution LLC
+  role: redistribution-only
+  responsibility: none
+  endorsement: none
+  affiliation: none
+  warranty: none
+  governing_terms: The original publisher's licence and terms govern.
+retrieval:
+  method: r-package
+  package: rnaturalearth
+  package_version: 1.2.0
+  data_version: 1.0.0
+  hires_version: 1.0.0.9000
+  fetched_at: '2026-09-17T21:35:18Z'
+  build_tool: r-worker/build_basemaps.R
+modifications: reformatted
+changes:
+- Converted sf geometry to GeoParquet 1.0.0 (WKB, zstd) and simplified GeoJSON.
+- 'Aliased three adm0_a3 codes to ISO 3166-1 alpha-3: KOS->XKX, SDS->SSD, PSX->PSE.
+  Without these, ISO3 joins lose Kosovo, South Sudan and Palestine.'
+- Lifted the four French overseas departments (Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique, Reunion)
+  out of France's polygon as separate features and ERASED them from FRA. Natural Earth
+  folds them into FRA (measured area 636,062 km2 against 551,695 for metropolitan
+  France); publishers that report them separately would otherwise double-count. FRA
+  is 548,374 km2 after the erase.
+- 'Geometry is repaired only where GEOS reports it invalid, and never under s2: a
+  blanket st_make_valid() with s2 enabled rewrites RUS, FJI and ATA into GEOS-invalid
+  forms.'
+layers:
+  countries:
+    resolutions:
+    - 110m
+    - 50m
+    - 10m
+    default: 50m
+    key: iso3
+    note: 110m covers only 175 of Ember's 209 countries -- it omits Singapore, Malta,
+      Bahrain, Hong Kong, Macao and 30 small island states, which render as holes.
+      50m and 10m cover all 209.
+  admin1:
+    resolutions:
+    - 10m
+    key: iso_3166_2
+    units: 4596
+    countries: 251
+    note: ne_states() takes no scale argument; it is always the hires dataset. Unit
+      counts are wildly uneven across countries (GBR 232, SVN 193, LVA 119), so this
+      is admin-1 AS NATURAL EARTH DEFINES IT, not a uniform NUTS-like tier. Do not
+      treat units as comparable.
+coverage:
+- layer: ne_countries_110m
+  features: 181
+  iso3: 181
+  s2_invalid: 2
+- layer: ne_countries_50m
+  features: 246
+  iso3: 246
+  s2_invalid: 0
+- layer: ne_countries_10m
+  features: 262
+  iso3: 262
+  s2_invalid: 0
+crs: OGC:CRS84
+notes:
+- 'GEOS validity is guaranteed for every shipped layer. s2 validity is NOT: raw Natural
+  Earth 110m already reports SDN and RUS as s2-invalid while GEOS accepts them, and
+  the two engines cannot be satisfied at once for antimeridian and pole geometry.
+  The per-layer s2_invalid count above records the discrepancy.'